Today we will learn about shaper machine parts and its
working. It is commonly used to produce flat surface, grooves, slots etc. The work piece is hold by a adjustable tool post in shaper machine. A single point cutting tool is in reciprocating
motion rub the work piece and cut unwanted metal from it in form of chips. It consist many important parts which take care of it proper working.
These are ram, table, clapper box, tool head, column, cross Rail, stroke
Adjustment, table supports, base etc. Shaper machine works on the quick return
single crank mechanism which provides the tool reciprocating motion.
Shaper machine: Main Parts and Working
Shaper Machine Parts:
It consist following parts.
1. Base:
It is the main body of the machine. It consist all element
of machine. It works as pillar for other parts. Base is made by cast iron which
can take all compressive loads.
2. Ram:
It is the main part of the shaper machine. It holds the tool
and provides the reciprocating motion to it. It is made by cast iron and move
over ways on column. It is attached by the rocker arm which provide it motion
in crank driven machine and if the machine is hydraulic driven it is attached
by hydraulic housing.
3. Tool head:
It is situated at the front of the ram. Its main function
is to hold the cutting tool. The tool can be adjusted on it by some of clamps.
4. Table:
It is the metal body attached over the frame. Its main function
is to hold the work piece and vice over it. It has two T slots which used to
clamp vice and work piece over it.
5. Clapper box:
It carries the tool holder. The main function of clapper box is to
provide clearance for tool in return stock. It prevents the cutting edge dragging
the work piece while return stock and prevent tool wear.
6. Column:
Column is attached to the base. It provides the housing for
the crank slider mechanism. The slide ways are attached upper section of column
which provide path for ram motion.
7. Cross ways:
It consist vertical and horizontal table sideways which allow
the motion of table. It is attach with some cross movement mechanism.
8. Stroke adjuster:
It is attached below the table. It is used to control the
stroke length which further controls the ram movement.
9. Table supports:
These are attached front side of the table and used to support
the weight of table during working.
Working of Shaper Machine:
Shaper machine works on the quick return mechanism. It is
used to shape the metal or make flat surfaces, making grooves and slots. It
cuts the metal in one stroke in back motion or in froth motion and the remaining
one is useless. The working of shaper machine can be described as follow.
- First the job is fixed to the machine table.
- The single point cutting tool is mounted on the tool
post situated on the ram.
- Now the motor start by manually which create
reciprocating motion of ram by quick return mechanism.
- When the ram is in reciprocating motion, the tool
rubs the work piece, which removes unwanted material from it. It cuts the
metal in forward stroke.
- While return strokes the clapper provide the
clearance between tool and work piece, which make sure no cutting in
return stroke. If the tool cuts material in both in forward and return
stroke it give poor surface finish and also cause for tool wear.
Today
we have discussed about shaper machine parts and working. If you have any
query regarding this article ask by commenting.